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Ancient Celtic music : ウィキペディア英語版 | Ancient Celtic music
Deductions about the music of the ancient Celts of the La Tène period (and their Gallo-Roman and Romano-British descendants of Late Antiquity) rely primarily on Greek and Roman sources, as well as on archaeological finds and interpretations including the reconstruction of the Celts' ancient instruments. Most of the textual information centers on military conflicts and on maybe the most prominent Celtic instrument of its time, the ''carnyx''. ==The Celts and Greco-Roman music== In 54 BC Cicero wrote that he "did not fancy" there were any musically educated people on the British isle.〔Marcus Tullius Cicero, ''Letters to Atticus'' 4.17.6.〕 Independent of the validity of Cicero's remark, the situation was different for the Gallic regions. By the time of Augustus, musical education had widely gained ground in Gaul, as Iulius Sacrovir used the erudite Gauls as a decoy, after Sacrovir and Iulius Florus had occupied the city of Augustodonum during the Gallic insurrection in 21 AD.〔Tacitus, ''Annals'' 3.43〕 The Gauls took great pride in their musical culture, which is shown by the remark of Gaius Iulius Vindex, the Gallic rebel and later senator under Claudius, who shortly before the arrival in Rome called emperor Nero a ''malus citharodeus'' ("bad ''cithara'' player") and reproached him with ''inscitia () artis'' ("ignorance of the arts").〔Suetonius, ''Nero'' 41.1; Cassius Dio, ''Roman History'' 63.22.4–6. Nero however was himself so proud and self-absorbed that such criticism didn't bother him anymore.〕 However, Celtic music culture was spread inhomogeneously over Europe: Maximinus Thrax, the Thracian-Roman emperor of Gothic descent, annoyed his fellow Romans because he was unable to appreciate a mimic stage song.〔''Historia Augusta'': "The Two Maximi", 9.5〕
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